Obock and the Eastern Migration Route
One of the world's busiest irregular migration corridors runs from the Horn toward the Gulf, and much of it passes through northern Djibouti.
Country
A federal republic on the Horn's eastern seaboard with the longest coastline in mainland Africa. Somalia's federal member states share power with a central government in Mogadishu, and its economy runs heavily on livestock export, remittances and the ports of Mogadishu, Bosaso, Kismayo and Berbera.
Regions of Somalia
One of the world's busiest irregular migration corridors runs from the Horn toward the Gulf, and much of it passes through northern Djibouti.
Some of the most productive waters in the western Indian Ocean sit off a coastline with almost no processing capacity.
Rainfall failure does not respect borders, and neither does the displacement that follows it.
Cross-border commerce in the Horn has long been organised by women. It rarely appears in trade statistics.
Somali has been called a nation of poets. The written alphabet arrived only in 1972.
The Horn's own regional body has mediated some of Africa's hardest conflicts. Its structural weakness is that its members are frequently parties to them.
Terminal investment has made Berbera a serious port. Its political status keeps its commercial future unsettled.
Carriers rerouting around southern Africa change the economics of every terminal between Massawa and Mogadishu.
Four countries, one strategic waterway, and a hundred and twenty million people who need to reach it.
A federal government, five member states, one self-declared republic, and a constitution that is still provisional.
Six factors explain why states with no obvious connection to the region maintain a presence in it.